11/7/2023 0 Comments Define vice![]() ![]() An Empirical Challenge to Traits of Character Jeremy Bentham, for example, gave a rather rude treatment of virtue in his Deontology, as recently described by Julia Annas (2002). While the attention to virtue among Kantians and neo-Kantians is not too surprising, since much of Kant's later work was devoted to working out the important role that virtue and character play in morality (the weighty concluding section of the 1797 Metaphysics of Morals is rightly titled "The Doctrine of Virtue"), the consequentialist turn to virtue is, perhaps, more surprising. Thus, two consequentialists (Driver 2001, Hurka 2001) have produced full-length treatments of the virtues, and there has been a growing appreciation of the key role of virtue in Immanuel Kant's ethics (Herman 1993, O'Neill 1996, Wood 1999). This is why Jesus says in John 3:18 that “whoever believes in him is not condemned.” When we trust Christ as our Savior and accept His sacrifice on our behalf, all our sins-all our vices-are wiped clean, and we never have to pay the penalty for transgressing God’s Law (Romans 8:1).Assuming that human agents possess settled dispositions or character traits, some of which are especially deemed worthy of praise while others deserve blame or reproach, moral philosophers have long treated the first sort under the category "virtue" and their opposites under the general term "vice." The fin-de-siecle revival of the virtue tradition in normative ethics as a third force, alongside Kantianism and consequentialism, has resulted in focused attention by theorists of all persuasions on the nature and proper role of virtues and vices in any comprehensive treatment of morality. He had fulfilled all that was necessary to grant forgiveness and eternal life to those who would believe in Him. When Jesus said, “It is finished” on the cross (John 19:30), He was saying that the sin debt was paid in full. Either the sinner pays for his own sins in hell, or Jesus Christ pays for them by shedding His blood on the cross. The Bible also teaches that all sin must be punished. All sins are equally offensive to Him, and all result in punishment. To break the Law in one point is to become a lawbreaker. God does not distinguish between lesser and greater sins as regarding guilt. If we had committed only one vice in a lifetime (an impossibility), that one vice would make us guilty of the entire Law and merit eternal punishment. Even one small vice, even when unintentionally committed, makes us guilty of transgressing the entire Law of God. ![]() The apostle James states that “whoever keeps the whole law and yet stumbles in one point, he has become guilty of all” (James 2:10). All sin renders the sinner worthy of eternal separation from God. The Bible makes no distinction between vices and other sins. The Bible teaches that all of us sin (Romans 3:23) and that the wages we earn for sin is eternal death (Romans 6:23). All sin is ultimately sin against God Himself and is an affront to His holy nature (Psalm 51:4). God hates all sin equally, even those sins we refer to as vices. While a vice may be seen by some as less serious than outright sin (there is even a popular youth-oriented magazine and media conglomerate called Vice), the Bible makes no such distinction. In fact, the vice of human beings, beginning in the Garden of Eden, made necessary a Savior who could save us from the curse we brought upon ourselves. ![]() Synonyms for vice are found frequently in Scripture, though. The New English Translation also has an occurrence of the word, contrasting “the yeast of vice and evil” with “the bread of sincerity and truth” (1 Corinthians 5:8). ![]() The word vice appears once in the New King James Version of the Bible: “For this is the will of God, that by doing good you may put to silence the ignorance of foolish men-as free, yet not using liberty as a cloak for vice, but as bondservants of God” (1 Peter 2:15–16). In Roman Catholicism, a vice is regarded as a “habit inclining one to sin.“ Bad habits, such as drinking too much coffee or watching too much TV, are sometimes called “vices.” In common usage, a vice is often nothing more than a flaw or imperfection, something to be shrugged off as no big deal. Although vices, by definition, are quite bad, people often refer to their “vices” as lesser evils. Vice crime, as a legal term, is used to denote immoral activities involving prostitution, pornography, drugs, or gambling. Some synonyms for vice are wrongdoing, wickedness, evil, iniquity, villainy, corruption, misconduct, misdeeds, and sin. ![]()
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